Hyphenated technologies: Transforming analytical approaches with combined methodologies

The hyphenated technique was developed by combining a separation strategy with an on-line spectroscopic detection technology. Currently, a combination of a separation approach with a more sensitive detection technique is the most used method for determining the speciation of trace elements. Before the addition of a detection approach, such hyphenated techniques involved coupling the separation of a unique sample preparation offline. Currently, a separation method (chromatography) and an online spectroscopic detection method are combined to create the hyphenated technique. Over the past two decades, hyphenated analytical methods have undergone amazing advancements that have greatly expanded their applicability in the analysis of biomaterials, natural products, elemental species, explosives, trace elements, and other things. This article discusses recent developments in the use of various hyphenated techniques, such as GC-MS, LC-MS, LC-FTIR, LC-NMR, etc. in a variety of fields, including forensic science, the environment, biotechnology, the various hyphenated techniques, a brief note on their instrumentation and working principles that are used in the current setup of industries. Like-wise their remarkable improvement and efficiency over the past decade. Techniques like single quadrupole inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-Q-MS), ICP- Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QQQ), Liquid Chromatography-Two -dimensional Gas chromatography, mass spectrometry (LC-GCXGC-MS/MS), Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC), Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), etc. are considered as recent improvements in this trend—geography, and pharmaceuticals, among others, with the use of relevant examples.