A Study of Ocular manifestation in Dermatological disorders

Aim: To determine the magnitude and pattern of ocular diseases and pathologies in patients with various dermatological disorders as found in patients who were referred to the Ophthalmology department from dermatological department at our tertiary care institute.
Material and Methods: A total of 110 patients with ocular manifestations of all age groups who were referred from dermatology department during the period of May 2023 to January 2024 were examined which include visual acuity testing using Snellen's chart, refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy. 
Results: Out of 110 patients, maximum cases were found in between 21-30 years age males were more commonly affected.  Atopic dermatitis was the most common (20.90%) disorder, followed by herpes zoster ophthalmicus (15.4%) and psoriasis (14.50%). Contact dermatitis cases and leprosy cases were documented.  The investigation also found cases of neurofibromatosis and vitiligo, representing 8.18% and 8.10% of the total cases. Steven Johnson Syndrome (2.70%), pemphigus (3.60%), molluscum contagiosum, Ota nevus, ichthyosis, albinism, and epidermolysis bullosa were all observed. The results indicated that many skin disorders may influence the eyes, emphasizing the need for collaboration to treat both.
Conclusion: Atopic dermatitis was the most frequent dermatological condition, followed by herpes zoster ophthalmicus and psoriasis. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus caused most sight-threatening ocular disorders in the research population. Consistent eye examinations are crucial for prompt identification and intervention, which can aid in minimizing complications.