Navigation in autonomous mobile robots

This paper explores the design and development of Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) using the Robot Operating System (ROS) for intelligent navigation. AMRs equipped with ROS can perceive their environment, planning optimal paths, and making real-time decisions, making them suitable for a wide range of industrial and service-based applications. The integration of technologies such as Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), sensor fusion, and dynamic obstacle avoidance enables these robots to operate reliably in both known and unknown environments. The report highlights how core ROS components like navigation stacks, cost maps, and transform libraries contribute to flexible and scalable robot behavior. It also examines the challenges involved in localization, path planning, and hardware software integration, offering insights into emerging solutions such as AI-enhanced navigation, edge computing, and ROS2 enhancements. By focusing on real-world applicability and innovation, this report shows the growing potential of ROS-powered AMRs in autonomous navigation.